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The Importance of Understanding Seromas - A Common Post Surgery Complication



Undergoing surgery can be a life-changing event, whether for medical necessity or cosmetic

purposes. While most patients focus on recovery and healing, it’s equally crucial to be aware

of potential post-surgery complications, one of the most common being seromas. A seroma

is a collection of fluid, primarily made up of lymphatic fluid and plasma, that builds up under

the skin near the surgical site, typically forming after tissue removal procedures such as

mastectomies, liposuction or tummy tucks.


Though seromas are usually harmless, they can cause discomfort, prolong recovery, and in

some cases, lead to more serious issues if not properly managed. Being informed about

seromas - what they are, why they occur, and how they can be treated, empowers patients

to recognise early warning signs, seek medical advice and attention, and improve their

overall recovery outcomes. In this blog, we’ll explore everything you need to know about

seromas and how to navigate this common post-surgical challenge.


What Are Seromas and How Do They Form?


Seromas develop when lymphatic vessels are damaged during surgery or after significant

tissue trauma. The lymphatic system, responsible for draining fluid from tissues, can be

damaged when large areas of tissue are manipulated or removed. As a result, serous fluid

leaks from the surrounding capillaries into the space left behind. The body typically

reabsorbs this fluid over time, but in some cases, the accumulation may persist, forming a

seroma.


Factors that increase the likelihood of seroma formation include:


● Large surgical areas

● Excessive tissue disruption or removal

● Poor wound closure techniques

● Excessive postoperative movement

● Incorrect or no compression garments


A 2018 study published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery found that seromas occurred

in approximately 10-15% of patients undergoing major cosmetic procedures. Additionally,

larger body areas and procedures involving liposuction had higher incidences of seromas.


Common Cosmetic Surgeries Linked to Seroma Formation


Seromas are a known complication of various surgeries, especially those involving large

areas of tissue disruption. They are most commonly associated with the following cosmetic

procedures:


1. Abdominoplasty (Tummy Tuck) – Seroma rates can be as high as 20-30%

following this procedure due to the extensive separation of skin and fat from the

underlying muscle, seromas frequently form in the abdominal region after this

procedure.


2. Liposuction – Particularly when large volumes of fat are removed, the disruption to

lymphatic channels can result in fluid buildup. With an incidence rate ranging from

15-30%, liposuction is one of the most common surgeries linked to seromas.


3. Breast Surgery – Procedures such as breast augmentation, breast reduction, and

mastectomy can lead to seroma formation in the chest area.


4. Facelifts – while less common, small seromas can still occur following these

surgeries due to significant tissue manipulation, especially within the neck.


How Are Seromas Treated?


Seromas development is higher within 7 to 10 days post-surgery but can occur within the

first few days to weeks following surgery. Small seromas often resolve on their own as the

body gradually reabsorbs the fluid. However, larger seromas may require intervention to

prevent complications such as infection or delayed healing.


1. Lymphatic Drainage Massage


Lymphatic massage plays a crucial role in the treatment of seromas by promoting the body's

natural lymphatic drainage system. Lymphatic massage helps stimulate the movement of

lymph fluid, encouraging its absorption and preventing further fluid buildup. By applying

gentle, targeted pressure, the massage improves circulation and reduces swelling, aiding in

the reabsorption of excess fluid into the bloodstream. This technique is particularly beneficial in the post-surgical period, helping to prevent the recurrence of seromas, reduce discomfort, and support the body’s overall healing process.


2. Compression Garments


Compression after surgery plays a crucial role in the recovery process, particularly in

reducing the risk of seromas. Wearing compression garments helps to manage this by

applying controlled pressure to the specific area, which promotes better fluid drainage and

circulation and minimises the chances of fluid accumulating in pockets. We highly

recommend all our patients to Amy over at TheFitting Service (Maidstone based - please

find her website link at the bottom of this blog).


3. Aspiration


In cases where the seroma is large or causes significant discomfort, a healthcare provider

within a medical setting may perform aspiration. This procedure involves using a needle and

syringe to withdraw the fluid. Depending on the size of the seroma, multiple aspirations may

be necessary.


4. Surgical Drains


Some surgeons may place temporary drains during the initial procedure to prevent fluid

buildup in high-risk surgeries. These are usually removed after a few days post surgery

when fluid output decreases.


Natural Resolution of Seromas


When no medical intervention is needed, small seromas can resorb over weeks, months or

sometimes up to a year. The body’s immune system gradually breaks down the fluid, and the

lymphatic system clears it. This process can be aided by rest, hydration, and wearing

supportive garments and manual lymphatic drainage massages as recommended by your

healthcare provider.


When to Seek Medical Advice


It is crucial to monitor a seroma for signs of complications. Seek medical attention if:


● The seroma becomes painful, red, or warm to the touch (these may be signs of

infection).

● You experience fever or nausea or generally feel unwell in yourself

● The fluid buildup increases significantly or causes excessive pressure or discomfort.

● The seroma persists beyond several weeks without improvement.


While seromas are a common issue post-surgery, most cases resolve with proper care and

attention. It’s important for patients to be aware of the signs and communicate with their

healthcare provider if they suspect a seroma. By understanding the causes, risks, and

treatment options, individuals can better navigate the recovery process and minimise any

potential complications. Always consult your surgeon if you have concerns about fluid

buildup after surgery, as early intervention can prevent more serious issues from arising.


At our clinic, we prioritise your comfort and peace of mind, offering a safe, non-judgmental

environment where you can feel truly supported every step of the way during your

post-surgery recovery. Our compassionate team wholeheartedly understands the challenges

that come with healing, and we’re here to provide expert care and guidance tailored to your

needs. Whether you're recovering from cosmetic surgery or managing complications, you

can trust us for ongoing support, personalised treatment, and a listening ear. Your recovery

journey matters, and we’re committed to ensuring you feel confident, cared for, and never

alone.


The Fitting Service

 
 
 

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